Quantum Key Distribution Protocols: Advancements and Challenges in Secure Communication
Main Article Content
Abstract
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols have emerged as a promising solution for secure communication, offering provable security guarantees based on the principles of quantum mechanics. an overview of recent advancements and challenges in the field of QKD protocols. We discuss key protocols such as BB84, E91, and continuous-variable QKD, highlighting their theoretical foundations and practical implementations. Furthermore, we explore recent research developments in QKD, including measurement-device-independent QKD, twin-field QKD, and satellite-based QKD. These advancements have expanded the capabilities and applicability of QKD protocols, paving the way for secure communication channels resistant to eavesdropping attacks. However, challenges such as scalability, compatibility with existing infrastructure, and vulnerability to certain attacks remain significant barriers to the widespread deployment of QKD. By addressing these challenges and continuing to innovate in the field of quantum cryptography, we can unlock the full potential of QKD protocols for ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive information exchange in the digital age.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The license allows re-users to share and adapt the work, as long as credit is given to the author and don't use it for commercial purposes.
References
Bennett, C. H., & Brassard, G. (1984). Quantum cryptography: Public key distribution and coin tossing. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Computers, Systems and Signal Processing, Bangalore, India, 175-179.
Ekert, A. K. (1991). Quantum cryptography based on Bell's theorem. Physical Review Letters, 67(6), 661-663.
Scarani, V., Bechmann-Pasquinucci, H., Cerf, N. J., Dusek, M., Luetkenhaus, N., & Peev, M. (2009). The security of practical quantum key distribution. Reviews of Modern Physics, 81(3), 1301-1350.
Lo, H. K., & Chau, H. F. (1999). Unconditional security of quantum key distribution over arbitrarily long distances. Science, 283(5410), 2050-2056.
Gisin, N., & Thew, R. (2007). Quantum communication. Nature Photonics, 1(3), 165-171.
Ma, X., Herbst, T., Scheidl, T., Wang, D., Kropatschek, S., Naylor, W., ... & Jennewein, T. (2012). Quantum teleportation over 143 kilometres using active feed-forward. Nature, 489(7415), 269-273.
Wang, X., Chen, L. K., Li, W., Huang, L., Liu, C., Xu, F., ... & Pan, J. W. (2016). Experimental ten-photon entanglement. Physical Review Letters, 117(21), 210502.
Yin, J., Cao, Y., Li, Y. H., Liao, S. K., Zhang, L., Ren, J. G., ... & Chen, K. (2016). Satellite-based entanglement distribution over 1200 kilometers. Science, 356(6343), 1140-1144.
Pirandola, S., & Braunstein, S. L. (2019). Advances in quantum teleportation. Nature Reviews Physics, 2(12), 689-707.
Wehner, S., Elkouss, D., & Hanson, R. (2018). Quantum internet: A vision for the road ahead. Science, 362(6412), eaam9288.